Post here if you are a new Porteus member and you're looking for some help.
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Ed_P
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Post#1
by Ed_P » 14 Mar 2017, 14:32
Evan wrote:So it doesn't get lost in random chat.
Thank you
Evan.
Do note, those commands need to be run as root.
-update-
A related thread:
Porteus clock. How it works.
And the two commands you posted do indeed finally resolve the multi-boot problem with Windows and the machine clock set as local time.
Ed
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Ed_P
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Post#2
by Ed_P » 16 Dec 2019, 21:43
Ok, this is an old thread but I think it relates to my new question.
Code: Select all
guest@porteus:~$ su
Password:
root@porteus:/home/guest# hwclock
2019-12-16 11:17:35.432779-05:00
root@porteus:/home/guest# ntpdate pool.ntp.org
16 Dec 16:18:19 ntpdate[1812]: adjust time server 96.245.170.99 offset 0.009361 sec
root@porteus:/home/guest# uname -a
Linux porteus 4.16.3-porteus #1 SMP PREEMPT Sat Apr 21 12:42:52 Local time zone must be set-- x86_64 Intel(R) Core(TM) i3-6100U CPU @ 2.30GHz GenuineIntel GNU/Linux
root@porteus:/home/guest# rm /etc/localtime
root@porteus:/home/guest# ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/US/Eastern /etc/localtime
root@porteus:/home/guest# hwclock
2019-12-16 11:20:29.074001-05:00
root@porteus:/home/guest# ntpdate pool.ntp.org
16 Dec 16:21:00 ntpdate[1820]: adjust time server 69.164.213.136 offset -0.006076 sec
root@porteus:/home/guest# uname -a
Linux porteus 4.16.3-porteus #1 SMP PREEMPT Sat Apr 21 12:42:52 Local time zone must be set-- x86_64 Intel(R) Core(TM) i3-6100U CPU @ 2.30GHz GenuineIntel GNU/Linux
root@porteus:/home/guest#
How does one get the uname -a msg to not report the local time zone must be set? The time in Porteus, and Windows, on the machine are displaying the current time.
The Date & Time Settings Window in Porteus displays the Region as Europe, London though I am in the Eastern Time zone. In the past attempting to change the display to Eastern resulted in the machine's clock being reset which messed up the clock in Windows.
Ed
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jssouza
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Post#3
by jssouza » 17 Dec 2019, 04:24
Ed_P wrote: ↑16 Dec 2019, 21:43
How does one get the uname -a msg to not report the local time zone must be set?
Oh that's simple. You need to recompile the kernel with your timezone set
Ed_P wrote: ↑16 Dec 2019, 21:43
The Date & Time Settings Window in Porteus displays the Region as Europe, London
This could be because London is GMT (during winter) which is basically UTC. But this is a guess.
jssouza
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Ed_P
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Post#4
by Ed_P » 17 Dec 2019, 19:23
Recompile the kernel!! Really?? Wow! Thanks
jssouza.
Ed
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jssouza
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Post#5
by jssouza » 18 Dec 2019, 01:19
Ed_P wrote: ↑17 Dec 2019, 19:23
Recompile the kernel!! Really??
Yes. As you know now, uname -a shows the date and time at which the kernel was built. And just like 6:45 in the morning for me is not the same time for you, the time part of the uname -a has to be suffixed with a timezone, which will not work if the machine that compiled the kernel did not have the timezone set.
jssouza
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Ed_P
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Post#6
by Ed_P » 18 Dec 2019, 04:47
If I recompile a kernel (a very unlikely thing I could do) with the machine's clock set to a different time how does the new kernel know what, and if, time zone has been set?
Ed
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jssouza
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Post#7
by jssouza » 18 Dec 2019, 06:17
Ed_P wrote: ↑18 Dec 2019, 04:47
If I recompile a kernel (a very unlikely thing I could do) with the machine's clock set to a different time how does the new kernel know what, and if, time zone has been set?
Interesting question, I traced it this way:
uname uses the utsname structure and in particular the version entry to get the version with the timestamp (See here and the other entries:
http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/uname.2.html)
So the linux kernel has to have a similar entry with it that it populates.
Searching kernel sources it does so in the init.c (
https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/ke ... h=v5.5-rc2) to UTS_VERSION.
Checking where UTS_VERSION is populated:
In scripts/mkcompile_h (
https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/ke ... h=v5.5-rc2)
Code: Select all
UTS_VERSION="$UTS_VERSION $CONFIG_FLAGS $TIMESTAMP"
And in the same file, $TIMESTAMP is initialized to:
So there you have it: During compilation, the compile script runs the date command of the system where it is compiled and populates it in the kernel. If the timezone is not set, I guess the date command will have the "Local time zone must be set" also, which gets into the kernel and which the uname command subsequently also retrieves.
jssouza
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Ed_P
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Post#8
by Ed_P » 18 Dec 2019, 06:33
Interesting. Date does show the time zone.
Code: Select all
guest@porteus:~$ date
Wed Dec 18 01:31:19 EST 2019
guest@porteus:~$
Ed
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jssouza
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Post#9
by jssouza » 18 Dec 2019, 06:39
Not if you havent set timezone, it doesnt.
Code: Select all
[guest:~]$ date
Wed Dec 18 12:08:45 Local time zone must be set--see zic manual page 2019
[guest:~]$ cat /etc/localtime
TZif21Local time zone must be set--see zic manual pageTZif21Local time zone must be set--see zic manual page
<Local time zone must be set--see zic manual page>0
jssouza
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Ed_P
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Post#10
by Ed_P » 18 Dec 2019, 07:02
hmmm So this is how Eastern looks!!
Code: Select all
guest@porteus:~$ date
Wed Dec 18 01:31:19 EST 2019
guest@porteus:~$ cat /etc/localtime
TZif2����p���`��p���`�e�p�����j�p�5�`�S����`�3����������އ���p���i���R���K௳4��~-Qp�gJ`�|3p�G,`�\p�'`�;�p��`��p���`����ƴ`���������Ĺ������o��
}��Ov��d_��@p��9`ˈ�p�#�p�`���u���@���U��� ���5���������������p��e��މpݩ�`kp߉d`��Mp�iF`�~/p�I(`�^p�W.��G-��7��'����������������ֶ��Ƶ����`���p���`���p��`�o�p�_y`�Oxp�?[`�/Zp�(w��<pY���X���;���:�����������������w��p�``�pP�`@�p0�`�p �` ���
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����LMTEDTESTEWTEPT
EST5EDT,M3.2.0,M11.1.0
guest@porteus:~$
Ed
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jssouza
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Post#11
by jssouza » 18 Dec 2019, 07:06
Run this:
[guest:~]$ file /etc/localtime
jssouza
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Ed_P
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Post#12
by Ed_P » 18 Dec 2019, 15:12
hmmm a slightly better perspective.
Code: Select all
guest@porteus:~$ file /etc/localtime
/etc/localtime: symbolic link to /usr/share/zoneinfo/US/Eastern
Ed
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jssouza
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Post#13
by jssouza » 18 Dec 2019, 15:59
Well done. Now run the same file command on /usr/share/zoneinfo/US/Eastern and you can see why /etc/localtime looked the way to you and how setting timezone works
jssouza
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Ed_P
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Post#14
by Ed_P » 18 Dec 2019, 16:32
Interesting. But I don't know, the cat command seems more inclusive.
Code: Select all
guest@porteus:~$ file /usr/share/zoneinfo/US/Eastern
/usr/share/zoneinfo/US/Eastern: timezone data, version 2, 5 gmt time flags, 5 std time flags, no leap seconds, 236 transition times, 5 abbreviation chars
guest@porteus:~$ cat /usr/share/zoneinfo/US/Eastern
TZif2����p���`��p���`�e�p�����j�p�5�`�S����`�3����������އ���p���i���R���K௳4��~-Qp�gJ`�|3p�G,`�\p�'`�;�p��`��p���`����ƴ`���������Ĺ������o��
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Need a command that displays hex code into readable characters.
BTW I'd never used the file command before. Thanks for pointing it out.
Ed
Ed_P